Human Anatomy and Physiology – I (B. Pharm 1st Semester) – Unit 1

Unit 1: Introduction to Human Body

1. Introduction to Human Body

• Definition and scope of Anatomy and Physiology
• Levels of structural organization and major body systems
• Basic life processes
• Concept of homeostasis
• Basic anatomical terminology

2. Cellular Level of Organization

• Structure and functions of the cell
• Transport mechanisms across the cell membrane
• Cell division and cell junctions
• General principles of cell communication
• Intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecules
• Forms of intracellular signaling:
  a) Contact-dependent signaling
  b) Paracrine signaling
  c) Synaptic signaling
  d) Endocrine signaling

3. Tissue Level of Organization

• Classification of tissues
• Structure, location, and functions of:
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Muscular tissue
  • Nervous tissue
  • Connective tissue

UNIT 1